"Fine Tuning" Article Items

Fine tuning suggests that there is fantastic detail in the physical parameters which make up the physics of the universe.

Made For Life

The speed of light is now known not to change over space or time.

The universe seems to be made for life; it seems like the universe was made in such a way as to promote the existence of intelligent life.  The question that has plagued cosmologists for decades is how this extraordinary fine-tuning came into existence.  An analogy might help in understanding this problem. Your New Office Suppose you have just landed your first desk job.  It is your ideal position, one you have applied for many years ago but only now secured.  You can’t wait to get to work! You check in to human resources, get the key to your office, and… Read More »

The Laws of Nature

The Laws of Nature are orderly, often in higher mathematics, and beautiful.

The Laws of Nature as defined by Antony Flew represent the great order of the universe.  That there should be such order from a universe that originated from the Big Bang defies explanation and is one of the reasons why the atheist philosopher who fought for most of his life for atheism came to belief in God. Antony Flew was a British philosopher who was a popular atheist philosopher throughout most of the twentieth century.  In that capacity, he taught philosophy at some of the best-known colleges in the United Kingdom including Oxford, Aberdeen, and York University in Toronto. Flew… Read More »

The Multiverse

The Andromeda Galaxy distance can be measured with Cepheid variables among other means. This is one of the few galaxies that is actually moving toward the Milky Way galaxy.

Posted on December 26, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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The multiverse has been proposed as a means for getting around the statistical impossibility of forming the universe by chance. A statistical impossibility is frequently taken as being any event that has less than one chance in 10^200. This number is chosen as the maximum number of events that could transpire since the universe began. This is derived as the number of cubic Planck lengths in the observable universe (3.6E+132) times Planck times since the universe began (2.4E+62) calculated from terms given here. Since this number is easily exceeded by the chance of several finely tuned physics constants to be… Read More »

Earth was Created

Posted on December 19, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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The Earth was Created for Exploration The history of scientific exploration involves the interpretation of scientific data. Our knowledge of the Earth, the Sun, the solar system, our galaxy, and the universe itself depends on our ability to explore.  The Earth was created to be in the proper place to enable exploration of the cosmos. We need to be able to measure, compare, and calculate in order to understand the cosmos. Understanding the cosmos requires measurement and observation of what is out there. Without certain conditions on our planet our planetary environment, such observation would be impossible. Scientific exploration could… Read More »

Speed of Light

The speed of light is now known not to change over space or time.

Posted on December 11, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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The speed of light is constant; it does not slow down over time, or even over great distances. The light from astronomical objects that are very far away does not slow down. The speed of light turns up in many equations of physics. Probably the most famous of these equations is Einstein’s famous E = MC2. This means matter and energy are inter-related through the speed of light constant. The ultimate speed in space is infinite – or so thought scientists for many years.  Until Einstein, physicists believed there was no limitation to the speed at which objects could travel… Read More »

The Cambrian Explosion

The Cambrian Explosion produced fundamentally different new organisms with new cellular structure, anatomy, type of cell, among others. This "explosion" has not happened again.

Posted on December 7, 2019 by

Categories: Biology, Science

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  The Earth was without diverse animal life for about four billion years until the Cambrian Explosion occurred. In almost a moment in geological time, complex life exploded upon the Earth. It was during this time that first life did appear including simple bacterial one-celled organisms and a few more complex multicellular species all not large enough to leave a visible fossil record. The Cambrian explosion happened about 543 million years ago. All of the animal phyla either evolved or first appears at this time. No matter where we look on Earth, there is no skeleton fossil records older than… Read More »

The Moon

The Moon is very important for advanced life on Earth. It influences the tides, Earth's climate, and Earth's tilt.

Posted on December 6, 2019 by

Categories: Geology, Science

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The Moon is one of the most beautiful astronomical objects in the sky. A full moon casts shadows and is the inspiration for many musical pieces (Moonlight Sonata by Beethoven). Without the Moon, the existence of life on Earth would be much more difficult. Animal life might never have developed without the Moon. The Moon has acted to stabilize the Earth and to make it a much more friendly environment for life over the past several billion years. Characteristics of the Moon We take our Moon for granted. It has been in the sky for multiple billions of years but… Read More »

Plate Tectonics

Volcanoes are important in the recycling of carbon dioxide and is associated with plate tectonics.

Posted on December 5, 2019 by

Categories: Geology, Science

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Plate tectonics turn out to be extremely important for a planet to have intelligent life. One of the greatest advances in astronomy has been made in the last few years. This discover is the presence of thousands of planets orbiting nearby stars. Naturalists have used this discovery to imply there must be numerous Earth-like life-promoting planets nearby. If Earth-like planets are plentiful, it is likely many of them also have life. Some of this life might include intelligent life right at our backdoor. The idea of nearby intelligent life is promoted by popular science fiction stories such as Star Trek…. Read More »

Origin of Functional Proteins

The origin of functional proteins is difficult to understand using only chance.

Posted on December 3, 2019 by

Categories: Biology, Science

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The origin of functional proteins is a hot topic among the origin of life specialists. There are many speculations as to how functional proteins came to but none has provided much success so far. Amino acids link together in a chain called a “polypeptide” in a certain order. All amino acids in life proteins are made of the left-handed variety of proteins. The way in which only left-handed amino acids were included in life proteins is also under intense investigation. All amino acids except for the most simple variety, glycine, come in two basic varieties – a right-handed and a… Read More »

Intelligent Design

Intelligent design uses the scientific method and specific algorithms to determine whether complexity and information allow the inference of intelligent origins.

Posted on November 29, 2019 by

Categories: Biology, Intelligent Design, Science

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Intelligent design or ID has been in the news recently where it is usually criticized for various reasons. Intelligent design can be described as studying patterns in nature that are best described as created by intelligence. For example, are the words in a book more likely created by intelligence or by accident. Another example would be whether Mount Rushmore is the result of natural wind and erosion or intelligence. The answers to these questions seem easy – and it is. We all know intuitively that complicated structures that contain information are more likely created by intelligence. We also understand that… Read More »