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"Time" Article Items

The Multiverse
The Andromeda Galaxy distance can be measured with Cepheid variables among other means. This is one of the few galaxies that is actually moving toward the Milky Way galaxy.

Posted on December 26, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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The multiverse has been proposed as a means for getting around the statistical impossibility of forming the universe by chance. A statistical impossibility is frequently taken as being any event that has less than one chance in 10^200. This number is chosen as the maximum number of events that could transpire since the universe began. This is derived as the number of cubic Planck lengths in the observable universe (3.6E+132) times Planck times since the universe began (2.4E+62) calculated from terms given here. Since this number is easily exceeded by the chance of several finely tuned physics constants to be… Read More »

The Big Bang
The Big Bang is the creation event of the universe occurring 13.78 billion years ago. The theological implications are obvious.

Posted on December 24, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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One of the greatest discoveries in the last century was the mechanism of the creation of the universe in the big bang. Cosmologists have established the most likely model for this creation was at a point in time about 13.8 billion years ago. At this point in time – just as explained in Scripture, the entire universe came into being. The Universe includes all matter, time, and exotic matter flared into existence at a moment in time. The obvious theological conclusions associated with this beginning have been resisted by secular scientists. There have been many alternative proposals put forth to… Read More »

Heavy Metals
Relativity predicts the beginning of time and space just as in Genesis. Relativity is confirmed with the discovery of gravity waves associated with union of two neutron stars producing heavy metals.

Posted on December 21, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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The Earth is one of the most unusual planets in existence. It has a smattering of every natural element making not only life possible, but also the technology we know today. Some of the most unusual of these elements are heavy metals. These include some of the most important metals for our industry and economy including gold, silver, and platinum. Many of these heavy metals are radioactive such as uranium and thorium. Many of us have held silver coins (most of the coinage in the United States at this time does not contain any silver). We also may have gold… Read More »

Speed of Light
The speed of light is now known not to change over space or time.

Posted on December 11, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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The speed of light is constant; it does not slow down over time, or even over great distances. The light from astronomical objects that are very far away does not slow down. The speed of light turns up in many equations of physics. Probably the most famous of these equations is Einstein’s famous E = MC2. This means matter and energy are inter-related through the speed of light constant. The ultimate speed in space is infinite – or so thought scientists for many years.  Until Einstein, physicists believed there was no limitation to the speed at which objects could travel… Read More »

Defying Gravity
The Sun

Posted on September 29, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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The space between stars is mostly very empty with a density of about one atom per cubic centimeter.  However, there are interstellar clouds of matter swirling in space which possess a much greater density.  These clouds are in a balance between expansion and collapse.  Their internal heat makes them want to expand, while their gravity wants to make them collapse. As the interstellar cloud gradually cools off, expansion loses its fight with gravity and the cloud begins to contract.  As the cloud contracts, it will start to rotate faster much like a skater rotates faster with she brings her arms… Read More »

The Divine Watchmaker
watch

Posted on June 1, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Philosophical, Science

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The Divine Watchmaker The illustration of a “divine watchmaker” has been a popular thought experiment to illustrate the involvement of an intelligent designer of life. The evidence for God as the Designer of the world has been a popular argument for the existence of God.  The appearance of design is everywhere and its presence admitted by even the staunchest of atheists such as Richard Dawkins. A classic historical example of the design argument is from the eighteenth-century British theologian William Paley and is called the “Watchmaker argument.” The argument is presented in his opus, Natural Theology published in 1802 and is presented… Read More »

The Multiverse
The Multiverse

Posted on May 31, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Philosophical, Science

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The Multiverse No science concept has caught the public imagination more than that of a multiverse.  In the popular imagination, it is the theory that there are other universes present simultaneously with our own, with people resembling us acting out their lives along with a completely different storyline.  There is an infinite number of these stories producing an infinite number of outcomes. The multiverse has served as the background for a countless number of science fiction books and story lines of movies. This concept has also caught on with the cosmology community as well for somewhat different reasons.  The idea… Read More »

Imaginary Time
clock to measure time

Posted on May 29, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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Why Imaginary Time Many cosmologists have struggled with the theological implications of cosmological theories suggesting a beginning of the universe.  The absolute beginning poses nothing that existed prior to the origin of the universe from which the universe might develop. Cosmologists struggling with the theological implications of such a beginning have suggested our universe is only one of many other universes outside of our own – perhaps an infinite number.  This has been popularly termed the “multiverse” theory. Thus far, it is only a theory as there has been no confirmatory evidence that such a multiverse even exists despite its… Read More »

The Eternal God
God Creating the World

Posted on May 26, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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The Bible is the only holy book that unambiguously states that God existed before the beginning of time, and that time itself even has a beginning. Before God created “the heavens and the earth”, and that God is capable of doing things even before the dimension of time was created.  The Bible along describes God as acting independently of the physical world and its 10 space-time dimensions for he is not subject to length, width, height, and time for he is the one who brought them into existence. Scripture also defines God in ways that defy explanation in terms of… Read More »

The Beginning of Time
beginning of time

Posted on May 25, 2019 by

Categories: Cosmology, Science

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One of the most amazing things about the Big Bang theory is that it predicts the beginning of time and matter.  For many years, theoretical physicists have attempted to revise the obvious predictions of Einstein’s theory of relativity concerning the expansion of the universe and the beginning of space and time.  This beginning leads to the possibility of a Beginner with all the theological implications of that conclusion. Recent scientific advances seem to make the case even more certain for the beginning of space and time.  Many have proposed a multiverse situation where continuous creations of an infinite number of… Read More »